25 Apr 2023

Ingredients to form new celestial bodies found

9:23 am on 25 April 2023
NGC 346, shown here in this image from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam), is a dynamic star cluster that lies within a nebula 200,000 light years away. Webb reveals the presence of many more building blocks than previously expected, not only for stars, but also planets, in the form of clouds packed with dust and hydrogen. The plumes and arcs of gas in this image contains two types of hydrogen. The pink gas represents energized hydrogen, which is typically as hot as around 10,000 °C (approximately 18,000 °F) or more, while the more orange gas represents dense, molecular hydrogen, which is much colder at around -200 °C or less (approximately -300 °F), and associated dust. The colder gas provides an excellent environment for stars to form, and, as they do, they change the environment around them. The effect of this is seen in the various ridges throughout, which are created as the light of these young stars breaks down the dense clouds. The many pillars of glowing gas show the effec

NCG 346, located in the Small Magellanic Cloud, captured by NASA's James Webb Space Telescope. Photo: NASA

The James Webb Space Telescope has found the building blocks of new planets located in a galaxy neighbouring the Milky Way.

Astronomers have found the ingredients to form new celestial bodies around hundreds of young stars in the dwarf galaxy next to our own.

The research outlines that most planets start as grains of microscopic sand, similar to dust, that stick together over time to for rocky planetesimals.

The dust, made from silicon, magnesium, iron and aluminium, has been detected in the Small Magellanic Cloud galaxy, orbiting the small stars.

Lead researcher Olivia Jones said they had detected thermal radiation being emitted from the dust.

Its presence means, over 11 to 12 billion years, they have the capacity to create new planets around the stars as they mature.

Get the RNZ app

for ad-free news and current affairs