23 Mar 2024

How manga moved West

From The Detail, 5:00 am on 23 March 2024

Manga and anime are no longer the preserve of those in the know. A recent Oscar win, and the death of a Japanese story-telling legend, have caused global ripples

Japanese anime and manga is now freely available in the West

Japanese anime and manga is now freely available in the West Photo: Connor McLay/The Detail

Hayao Miyazaki's beautiful hand-drawn film The Boy and the Heron won Best Animated Feature at the Academy Awards this year. The film will be streamed around the globe on Netflix. 

Earlier in the month Akira Toriyama, the creator of some of the most iconic characters in anime, and the inspiration behind the top two in the world, died. 

It was Toriyama's death that shook the corners of the internet. Following the announcement, Akira Toriyama was seeing more traffic on X than the state of the union address by the president of the United States occurring at the same time.

Official national statements of mourning were made by the governments of China and El Salvador. The president of France was among many high profile figures to publicly offer a tribute, and thousands of fans have made public displays in his honour.

Today on The Detail we look at Toriyama's work and influence, and talk about how Japanese culture has had such a huge influence outside Japan. 

Dr Emerald King cosplaying as Kogitsunemaru

Dr Emerald King cosplaying as Kogitsunemaru Photo: Sammitography/Supplied

Anyone who had a TV in their home and children under the age of 13 or so during the 90s might be familiar with Dragon Ball, Toriyama's most famous creation.

For many watching, it was the first taste of Anime; animated content from Japan, breaching national barriers to become rooted in popular culture across the globe.

Akira Toriyama was a 'mangaka'. A person who draws manga, or Japanese comics.

Unlike in the West, where a comic book is the work of a team of people specialising in their own tasks, the creative work of a manga is typically handled by just one individual.

This leaves a great deal more room for the truly talented to obtain superstar status with the victory of a popular manga being attached to a single name.

Toriyama gained many victories with his breakout success Dr Slump, and immediately afterwards with his biggest work by far, Dragon Ball.

It's hard to understate how much influence Dragon Ball and its sequel series Dragonball Z had on the series within its genre that were to follow. 

With anime and manga becoming ever more prevalent in the West, beginning to affect even works that aren't direct adaptations, that influence can be felt around the world. 

Directors Robert Rodriguez, James Cameron and the Wachowskis - of Matrix fame - are among them. The Matrix is essentially a live action version of manga series Ghost in the Shell.  

The Detail also talks to academic Dr Emerald King about the world of anime and manga, and how it interacts with the wider media landscape.

Dr Emerald King cosplaying as Lady Rokujo

Dr Emerald King cosplaying as Lady Rokujo Photo: Rachel Lewis

She says the intermingling of manga and anime is evidenced by pop culture cosplay events around the world which blur the lines between genres, and the access and knowledge young fans now have to it. 

"The fact that they don't have to buy bootleg VHS from Hong Kong or America; the fact that they can stream things instantly, or read comics ... online directly ... I feel like these things have become much more normalised from a younger age, whereas for an older readership these things were very niche." 

King says the intermingling of cultures is also having an effect in Japan, but it's not diluting the traditions of literature there. Listen to the podcast to find out how the Japanese have managed to cling tightly to their cultural identity in spite of the opening of borders to a flood of ideas from outside. 

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